The Next Web tells of a speech that Steve Jobs held back in 1983, in the Center for Design innovation and the subsequent Q & A session. There were questions for a wide range of topics, but the most startling was Jobs’s vision of a user-friendly “computer in a book”.

-“Apple’s strategy is really simple. What we want to do is to put a big computer in a book that you can take with you around and learn how to use in 20 minutes. That’s what we want to do, and we want to do it in this decade, “stated Steve Jobs back then.

-“And we want to do it with a radio connection in it, so you do not need to connect to something, but still can communicate with large databases and other computers,” this was the words of Steve Jobs for almost 30 years ago.

You can view the entire speech and Q & A at our site – Q & A starts about 21 minutes into the audio-recording.

Some sunglasses that are available at street markets not only do not protect the view, but it can increase the damage, it recently warned the Argentine Council of ophthalmology.

The dark glasses create a Camera Obscura that dilates the pupil effect and the lack of filters for ultraviolet rays, end up making the view more affected by UV radiation

To understand this effect, you can “shape of Cup both hands and place on eyes”, explained to the BBC the ophthalmologist Ernesto Ferrer, former President and Advisor to the Executive Committee of the Argentine Council of ophthalmology.

“Open your eyes will take a dark space similar to that produced the non-controlled sunglasses. This produces dilation of both pupils, resulting in greater penetration of ultraviolet light to the interior of the eye.

To Tumors

“Ultraviolet rays affect the skin and logically eyes, producing from a passed to malignant tumors irritation“, said Ferrer.

“In the eye this radiation affects the conjunctiva, causing irritation and tumors; the cornea, lens and even the retina”.

Ferrer said that children should also use proper sunglasses when they are on the beach, in the countryside or wander where it is exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

“Irradiation requires protection to all ages and logically the most sensitive, children and the elderly,” said the bridgat.

In addition, staining the lens, should also be in account are not the same sunglasses for snow than those used for sand because the radiation is different.

Much of the UV rays are filtered by the ozone layer, so that damage to this layer affect the intensity of the radiation that reaches the surface.

UV rays are also also filtered by the atmosphere so radiation increases at higher altitudes.

“Irradiation at the level of the sea than the 5,000 metres above sea level is not the same, and also greater concentration is observed as we get closer to the Ecuador,” said Ferrer.

Understand NM

Ophthalmologist warned that “sunglasses, even if they have not increased, they must be purchased from a perspective because they are specially made with adequate UV light filters”.

Ferrer advised the less sun exposure possible, be attentive to the information of the percentages of UV that is broadcast by the media of communication, use sunscreens of the level indicated in each area and wear Sun glasses obtained in sales of optical products business.

Something fundamental, for the expert, is requesting the necessary guarantees in these shops and demand lenses without aberrations.

What should we look for us to buy sunglasses?

The radiation is measured by its wavelength in nanometers. A nanometre (nm) is a billionth of a millimeter.

Visible light goes about 400 to 700 nm and the UV from 100 to 400.

For man’s eyewear to protect against the most harmful types of ultraviolet radiation, “lenses must have evidence of UVB, UVC, 290-320 nm protection,” said Ferrer.

“The people are unaware the endangerment of the lenses that are sold in public”, warned the ophthalmologist.

“They believe that they do a business but they are severely compromising their view.”

BBC World spoke with an expert to identify the most important aspects that look for when purchasing them and to remove some of the most common myths.

75% Filter

“Good sunglasses should have a filter that absorbs at least 75% of visible light and block all UV light”.

It is the strong recommendation of the President of the Spanish society of Ophthalmology, Luis Fernández-Vega. In a telephone interview from Oviedo (Spain), the expert told BBC the rest of features that should meet the lenses to make protection real and what are the myths around them.

Eyes, even if they are located in two separate cranial cavities, surrounded by supercilii arch, eyebrows and eyelashes, are very little protected in a natural way. And it is essential to wear sunglasses.

Image caption In sunny environments it is essential the use of sunglasses, according to Dr. Luis Fernández-Vega.

“The most important thing is are approved,” insists Vega. At the moment there is an international standard governing the characteristics of sunglasses.

On the other hand, there are three different regulations: the Australian standard, American and European.

“It is essential, in addition, that they acquire in specialised as the optics and not markets, for example stores”.

Myth: the darker, the better

As for the colors, Fernández-Vega explained that darker lenses are not necessarily the best.

“It is not so. That kind of glasses may have other limitations, as they are uncomfortable precisely because they are too dark”.

Thus, he mentioned the lens of green as one of the most suitable. “The green glass little modifies the perception of reality and provides the same eye protection than other colors that the alter more.”

For general purposes is also recommended the grey or Brown, since they minimize color distortion which would be dangerous in certain activities such as driving a vehicle.

Image caption Although they do not offer more protection than others, certain colors lenses do not alter the perception of reality.

Other colors that you can find in the market are red, Orange, yellow, blue or violet. The first three increase the contrast, so it may be appropriate in situations of low light and cloudy days.

Blue or violet lenses, on the other hand, have no real benefits and their contribution is purely aesthetic.

Myth: the polarized protects more

In certain circumstances, polarized glasses also improve visibility, although in terms of protection they do not play any role, says Vega.

“Insofar as they eliminate glare, Polarized Sunglasses on internetages store may be suitable for fishermen”, exemplified by the ophthalmologist.

“With them you will see better River”.

Sunglasses for any age

Vega considers “essential” sunglasses for anyone who is exposed to the Sun’s rays and stresses in the case of children and seniors, groups people who use glasses less frequently.

“The goal is to prevent alterations such as conjunctivitis or keratitis,” he explains. In addition, older persons, certain types and spectra of light, may suffer “damage to the lens and this favour, for example, the occurrence of cataracts”.

Other conditions associated with excessive exposure to UV rays is pterygium, also known as “surfer’s eye”. It consists of an abnormal growth by inflammation of the thin and transparent tissue that covers the outer surface of the eye.

Image caption The President of the Spanish Federation of Ophthalmology insists that it is necessary to use sunglasses at any age.

Nicholas Loizou, 80-year-old, suffers from this condition. He currently lives in London, but the last years in the sunny Cyprus made havoc in one of his eyes.

“It started to irritate, so the doctor referred him to the hospital”, tells his daughter, Christine Loizou, the BBC. “Just one eye, because he had an accident when he was a child. So we have to take care of the sight in that eye”.

Graduate sunglasses

Image caption Some glasses do not offer any protection, and its function is purely aesthetic.

“There is a tendency to not graduate sunglasses”, says BBC World Vega.

“So many people who use glasses because of nearsightedness or farsightedness is removed to get some Sun, and usually go wrong seeing.” In such cases, it is necessary to also adjust sunglasses, according to the expert.

Absence of security: check it

Not only in optical or specialized establishments sell sunglasses. That is why, despite the labels, may be not be sure that they provide the protection they promise.

The Council of experts is sunglasses to an optical or dealer that check if sunglasses block as they should be light and ultraviolet rays.